今天來總結(jié)的stm32基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是啟動(dòng)文件相關(guān)。要想對(duì)是stm32單片機(jī)有個(gè)深入的理解，那么啟動(dòng)文件就是一個(gè)繞不過去的坎。

一、什么是啟動(dòng)文件

簡(jiǎn)單說，啟動(dòng)文件是在單片機(jī)用戶程序執(zhí)行之前，執(zhí)行的一段匯編代碼。這段匯編代碼是執(zhí)行用戶程序之前的一個(gè)準(zhǔn)備環(huán)節(jié)。文件名以.s的格式來命名，表明其是匯編文件。啟動(dòng)文件，不用自己進(jìn)行編寫，參照一些偽指令定義，能夠看得懂，在實(shí)際開發(fā)中如果涉及到一些改動(dòng)，能夠簡(jiǎn)單修改就可以了。

二、啟動(dòng)文件所講內(nèi)容概要

那么，啟動(dòng)文件里面主要講的是什么內(nèi)容呢？分為如下5個(gè)方面：

1.堆棧空間的定義；

2.初始化中斷向量表；

3.復(fù)位中斷函數(shù)（Reset_Handler）{系統(tǒng)初始化，然后進(jìn)入main函數(shù)}；

4.中斷函數(shù)的弱（WEAK）聲明

5.用戶棧和堆初始化

三、啟動(dòng)文件使用的匯編指令匯總

啟動(dòng)文件一般都是由匯編代碼和偽指令來寫的。

1、下面表格就是啟動(dòng)文件中出現(xiàn)的偽指令名稱及其相關(guān)的含義。請(qǐng)大家參考：

2、幾個(gè)名詞解釋

堆

堆主要用來動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)存的分配，像 malloc()函數(shù)申請(qǐng)的內(nèi)存就在堆上面。這個(gè)在 STM32里面用的比較少

棧

棧的作用是用于局部變量，函數(shù)調(diào)用，函數(shù)形參等的開銷，棧的大小不能超過內(nèi)部SRAM 的大小。棧的生長(zhǎng)方向是由高地址向低地址擴(kuò)展。

THUMB

THUMB：表示后面指令兼容 THUMB 指令。 THUBM 是 ARM 以前的指令集， 16bit，現(xiàn)在 Cortex-M 系列的都使用 THUMB-2 指令集， THUMB-2 是 32 位的，兼容 16 位和 32 位的指令，是 THUMB 的超集。

中斷向量表

中斷向量表：把系統(tǒng)中所有的中斷類型碼及其對(duì)應(yīng)的中斷向量按一定的規(guī)律存放在一個(gè)區(qū)域內(nèi)，這個(gè)存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域就叫中斷向量表。

四、啟動(dòng)文件解讀

下面是我項(xiàng)目工程中的完整啟動(dòng)文件代碼。按照以上5個(gè)內(nèi)容分類進(jìn)行展開。這里只選取我覺得比較關(guān)鍵的部分進(jìn)行闡述，不會(huì)逐字逐句的說明。提示注意一下，匯編文件的注釋是通過 “；”來開始的，不是像C語言中，是通過// 或者/***/來進(jìn)行注釋的。“；”在匯編文件中，也就等同于.c文件中的“//”。

1.堆棧空間的定義；

Stack_Size      EQU     0x00000400


                AREA    STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3
Stack_Mem       SPACE   Stack_Size
__initial_sp




; < h > Heap Configuration
;   < o >  Heap Size (in Bytes) < 0x0-0xFFFFFFFF:8 >
; < /h >


Heap_Size       EQU     0x00000200


                AREA    HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3
__heap_base
Heap_Mem        SPACE   Heap_Size
__heap_limit


                PRESERVE8

開辟棧的大小為 0X00000400（1KB），名字為 STACK， NOINIT 即不初始化，可讀可寫， 8（2^3）字節(jié)對(duì)齊。

開辟堆的大小為 0X00000200（512 字節(jié)），名字為 HEAP， NOINIT 即不初始化，可讀可寫， 8（2^3）字節(jié)對(duì)齊。

2.初始化中斷向量表；

THUMB




; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset
                AREA    RESET, DATA, READONLY
                EXPORT  __Vectors
                EXPORT  __Vectors_End
                EXPORT  __Vectors_Size


__Vectors       DCD     __initial_sp               ; Top of Stack
                DCD     Reset_Handler              ; Reset Handler
                DCD     NMI_Handler                ; NMI Handler
                DCD     HardFault_Handler          ; Hard Fault Handler
                DCD     MemManage_Handler          ; MPU Fault Handler
                DCD     BusFault_Handler           ; Bus Fault Handler
                DCD     UsageFault_Handler         ; Usage Fault Handler
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     SVC_Handler                ; SVCall Handler
                DCD     DebugMon_Handler           ; Debug Monitor Handler
                DCD     0                          ; Reserved
                DCD     PendSV_Handler             ; PendSV Handler
                DCD     SysTick_Handler            ; SysTick Handler


                ; External Interrupts
                DCD     WWDG_IRQHandler                   ; Window WatchDog                                        
                DCD     PVD_IRQHandler                    ; PVD through EXTI Line detection                        
                DCD     TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler             ; Tamper and TimeStamps through the EXTI line            
                DCD     RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler               ; RTC Wakeup through the EXTI line                       
                DCD     FLASH_IRQHandler                  ; FLASH                                           
                DCD     RCC_IRQHandler                    ; RCC                                             
                DCD     EXTI0_IRQHandler                  ; EXTI Line0                                             
                DCD     EXTI1_IRQHandler                  ; EXTI Line1                                             
                DCD     EXTI2_IRQHandler                  ; EXTI Line2                                             
                DCD     EXTI3_IRQHandler                  ; EXTI Line3                                             
                DCD     EXTI4_IRQHandler                  ; EXTI Line4                                             
                DCD     DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 0                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 1                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 2                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 3                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 4                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 5                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream 6                                   
                DCD     ADC_IRQHandler                    ; ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3s                            
                DCD     CAN1_TX_IRQHandler                ; CAN1 TX                                                
                DCD     CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler               ; CAN1 RX0                                               
                DCD     CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler               ; CAN1 RX1                                               
                DCD     CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler               ; CAN1 SCE                                               
                DCD     EXTI9_5_IRQHandler                ; External Line[9:5]s                                    
                DCD     TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler          ; TIM1 Break and TIM9                   
                DCD     TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler          ; TIM1 Update and TIM10                 
                DCD     TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler     ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation and TIM11
                DCD     TIM1_CC_IRQHandler                ; TIM1 Capture Compare                                   
                DCD     TIM2_IRQHandler                   ; TIM2                                            
                DCD     TIM3_IRQHandler                   ; TIM3                                            
                DCD     TIM4_IRQHandler                   ; TIM4                                            
                DCD     I2C1_EV_IRQHandler                ; I2C1 Event                                             
                DCD     I2C1_ER_IRQHandler                ; I2C1 Error                                             
                DCD     I2C2_EV_IRQHandler                ; I2C2 Event                                             
                DCD     I2C2_ER_IRQHandler                ; I2C2 Error                                               
                DCD     SPI1_IRQHandler                   ; SPI1                                            
                DCD     SPI2_IRQHandler                   ; SPI2                                            
                DCD     USART1_IRQHandler                 ; USART1                                          
                DCD     USART2_IRQHandler                 ; USART2                                          
                DCD     USART3_IRQHandler                 ; USART3                                          
                DCD     EXTI15_10_IRQHandler              ; External Line[15:10]s                                  
                DCD     RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler              ; RTC Alarm (A and B) through EXTI Line                  
                DCD     OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler            ; USB OTG FS Wakeup through EXTI line                        
                DCD     TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler         ; TIM8 Break and TIM12                  
                DCD     TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler          ; TIM8 Update and TIM13                 
                DCD     TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler     ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation and TIM14
                DCD     TIM8_CC_IRQHandler                ; TIM8 Capture Compare                                   
                DCD     DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler           ; DMA1 Stream7                                           
                DCD     FSMC_IRQHandler                   ; FSMC                                            
                DCD     SDIO_IRQHandler                   ; SDIO                                            
                DCD     TIM5_IRQHandler                   ; TIM5                                            
                DCD     SPI3_IRQHandler                   ; SPI3                                            
                DCD     UART4_IRQHandler                  ; UART4                                           
                DCD     UART5_IRQHandler                  ; UART5                                           
                DCD     TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler               ; TIM6 and DAC1&2 underrun errors                   
                DCD     TIM7_IRQHandler                   ; TIM7                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 0                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 1                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 2                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 3                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 4                                   
                DCD     ETH_IRQHandler                    ; Ethernet                                        
                DCD     ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler               ; Ethernet Wakeup through EXTI line                      
                DCD     CAN2_TX_IRQHandler                ; CAN2 TX                                                
                DCD     CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler               ; CAN2 RX0                                               
                DCD     CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler               ; CAN2 RX1                                               
                DCD     CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler               ; CAN2 SCE                                               
                DCD     OTG_FS_IRQHandler                 ; USB OTG FS                                      
                DCD     DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 5                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 6                                   
                DCD     DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler           ; DMA2 Stream 7                                   
                DCD     USART6_IRQHandler                 ; USART6                                           
                DCD     I2C3_EV_IRQHandler                ; I2C3 event                                             
                DCD     I2C3_ER_IRQHandler                ; I2C3 error                                             
                DCD     OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler         ; USB OTG HS End Point 1 Out                      
                DCD     OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler          ; USB OTG HS End Point 1 In                       
                DCD     OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler            ; USB OTG HS Wakeup through EXTI                         
                DCD     OTG_HS_IRQHandler                 ; USB OTG HS                                      
                DCD     DCMI_IRQHandler                   ; DCMI                                            
                DCD     CRYP_IRQHandler                   ; CRYP crypto                                     
                DCD     HASH_RNG_IRQHandler               ; Hash and Rng
                DCD     FPU_IRQHandler                    ; FPU


__Vectors_End


__Vectors_Size  EQU  __Vecto- __Vectors

3.復(fù)位中斷函數(shù)（Reset_Handler）{系統(tǒng)初始化，然后進(jìn)入main函數(shù)}；

AREA    |.text|, CODE, READONLY


; Reset handler
Reset_Handler    PROC
                 EXPORT  Reset_Handler             [WEAK]
        IMPORT  SystemInit
        IMPORT  __main


                 LDR     R0, =SystemInit
                 BLX     R0
                 LDR     R0, =__main
                 BX      R0
                 ENDP

4.中斷函數(shù)的弱（WEAK）聲明

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)


NMI_Handler     PROC
                EXPORT  NMI_Handler                [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
HardFault_Handler\\
                PROC
                EXPORT  HardFault_Handler          [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
MemManage_Handler\\
                PROC
                EXPORT  MemManage_Handler          [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
BusFault_Handler\\
                PROC
                EXPORT  BusFault_Handler           [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\\
                PROC
                EXPORT  UsageFault_Handler         [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
SVC_Handler     PROC
                EXPORT  SVC_Handler                [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\\
                PROC
                EXPORT  DebugMon_Handler           [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
PendSV_Handler  PROC
                EXPORT  PendSV_Handler             [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
                EXPORT  SysTick_Handler            [WEAK]
                B       .
                ENDP


Default_Handler PROC


                EXPORT  WWDG_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                        
                EXPORT  PVD_IRQHandler                    [WEAK]                      
                EXPORT  TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler             [WEAK]         
                EXPORT  RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                     
                EXPORT  FLASH_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                         
                EXPORT  RCC_IRQHandler                    [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  EXTI0_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  EXTI1_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  EXTI2_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  EXTI3_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                           
                EXPORT  EXTI4_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  ADC_IRQHandler                    [WEAK]                         
                EXPORT  CAN1_TX_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                                
                EXPORT  CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                                
                EXPORT  CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                                
                EXPORT  EXTI9_5_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                    
                EXPORT  TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler          [WEAK]                  
                EXPORT  TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler          [WEAK]                
                EXPORT  TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler     [WEAK] 
                EXPORT  TIM1_CC_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  TIM2_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  TIM3_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  TIM4_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  I2C1_EV_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  I2C1_ER_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  I2C2_EV_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  I2C2_ER_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  SPI1_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                           
                EXPORT  SPI2_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  USART1_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                          
                EXPORT  USART2_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                          
                EXPORT  USART3_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                         
                EXPORT  EXTI15_10_IRQHandler              [WEAK]                                  
                EXPORT  RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler              [WEAK]                  
                EXPORT  OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler            [WEAK]                        
                EXPORT  TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler         [WEAK]                 
                EXPORT  TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler          [WEAK]                 
                EXPORT  TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler     [WEAK] 
                EXPORT  TIM8_CC_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                          
                EXPORT  FSMC_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  SDIO_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  TIM5_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  SPI3_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  UART4_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  UART5_IRQHandler                  [WEAK]                                            
                EXPORT  TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                   
                EXPORT  TIM7_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                    
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                  
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                    
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                    
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                 
                EXPORT  ETH_IRQHandler                    [WEAK]                                         
                EXPORT  ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                     
                EXPORT  CAN2_TX_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler               [WEAK]                                               
                EXPORT  OTG_FS_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                       
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler           [WEAK]                                   
                EXPORT  USART6_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                           
                EXPORT  I2C3_EV_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                              
                EXPORT  I2C3_ER_IRQHandler                [WEAK]                                              
                EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler         [WEAK]                      
                EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler          [WEAK]                      
                EXPORT  OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler            [WEAK]                        
                EXPORT  OTG_HS_IRQHandler                 [WEAK]                                      
                EXPORT  DCMI_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                             
                EXPORT  CRYP_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]                                     
                EXPORT  HASH_RNG_IRQHandler               [WEAK]
                EXPORT  FPU_IRQHandler                    [WEAK]


WWDG_IRQHandler                                                       
PVD_IRQHandler                                      
TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler                  
RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler                                
FLASH_IRQHandler                                                       
RCC_IRQHandler                                                            
EXTI0_IRQHandler                                                          
EXTI1_IRQHandler                                                           
EXTI2_IRQHandler                                                          
EXTI3_IRQHandler                                                         
EXTI4_IRQHandler                                                          
DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler                                       
DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler                                          
DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler                                          
DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler                                          
DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler                                          
DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler                                          
DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler                                          
ADC_IRQHandler                                         
CAN1_TX_IRQHandler                                                            
CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler                                                          
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler                                                           
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler                                                           
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler                                                
TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler                        
TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler                      
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler  
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler                                               
TIM2_IRQHandler                                                           
TIM3_IRQHandler                                                           
TIM4_IRQHandler                                                           
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler                                                         
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler                                                         
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler                                                        
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler                                                           
SPI1_IRQHandler                                                          
SPI2_IRQHandler                                                           
USART1_IRQHandler                                                       
USART2_IRQHandler                                                       
USART3_IRQHandler                                                      
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler                                            
RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler                            
OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler                                
TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler                      
TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler                       
TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler  
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler                                               
DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler                                                 
FSMC_IRQHandler                                                            
SDIO_IRQHandler                                                            
TIM5_IRQHandler                                                            
SPI3_IRQHandler                                                            
UART4_IRQHandler                                                          
UART5_IRQHandler                                                          
TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler                            
TIM7_IRQHandler                              
DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler                                         
DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler                                          
DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler                                           
DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler                                           
DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler                                        
ETH_IRQHandler                                                         
ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler                                
CAN2_TX_IRQHandler                                                           
CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler                                                          
CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler                                                          
CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler                                                          
OTG_FS_IRQHandler                                                    
DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler                                          
DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler                                          
DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler                                          
USART6_IRQHandler                                                        
I2C3_EV_IRQHandler                                                          
I2C3_ER_IRQHandler                                                          
OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler                           
OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler                            
OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler                                
OTG_HS_IRQHandler                                                   
DCMI_IRQHandler                                                            
CRYP_IRQHandler                                                    
HASH_RNG_IRQHandler
FPU_IRQHandler


                B       .


                ENDP


                ALIGN

如果我們?cè)谑褂媚硞€(gè)外設(shè)的時(shí)候，開啟了某個(gè)中斷，但是又忘記編寫配套的中斷服務(wù)程序或者函數(shù)名寫錯(cuò)，那當(dāng)中斷來臨的時(shí)，程序就會(huì)跳轉(zhuǎn)到啟動(dòng)文件預(yù)先寫好的空的中斷服務(wù)程序中，并且在這個(gè)空函數(shù)中無線循環(huán)，即程序就死在這里。這也是[weak]起到的作用。關(guān)于weak,可以網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索，了解一下虛函數(shù)，和這里是一個(gè)意思。

5.用戶棧和堆初始化

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
                 IF      :DEF:__MICROLIB


                 EXPORT  __initial_sp
                 EXPORT  __heap_base
                 EXPORT  __heap_limit


                 ELSE


                 IMPORT  __use_two_region_memory
                 EXPORT  __user_initial_stackheap


__user_initial_stackheap


                 LDR     R0, =  Heap_Mem
                 LDR     R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
                 LDR     R2, = (Heap_Mem +  Heap_Size)
                 LDR     R3, = Stack_Mem
                 BX      LR


                 ALIGN


                 ENDIF


                 END

五、理解啟動(dòng)文件的用途總結(jié)

1、項(xiàng)目整體把控

每一款芯片，如果你想使用它來做開發(fā)，那都有必要了解一下它的啟動(dòng)文件。通過了解，我們可以體會(huì)到處理器的架構(gòu)、指令集、中斷向量安排等內(nèi)容，對(duì)整個(gè)片子有一個(gè)整體的認(rèn)識(shí)。

2、修改堆棧

如果堆棧不夠用了，可以修改他們的大小。尤其是棧，當(dāng)我們需求增加，代碼量自然而然就會(huì)增多。那么定義的局部變量，函數(shù)嵌套的層數(shù)必然也就會(huì)增多。這個(gè)時(shí)候就需要關(guān)注棧的大小，如果發(fā)生溢出，程序就會(huì)發(fā)生意想不到的后果。