江鈴全順輕型客車液壓懸置系統隔振特性研究
The study on the vibration isolation characteristic of JX493ZQ Hydraulic Mount System

有效地隔離發動機的振動向車架的傳遞是汽車設計的一個重要問題，其對整車
舒適性和噪聲水平有決定性的影響。液壓懸置作為懸置元件，在汽車上應用越來越
多。本文結合江鈴汽車集團公司課題<全順輕型客車發動機液壓懸置系統>開展研
究，本文的主要研究工作和結果為：
1.在閱讀大量國內外參考文獻的基礎上，對發動機動力總成液壓懸置元件的發
展進行了系統的總結，并根據其結構進行了科學分類，較為詳盡地闡述了各種液壓
懸置的工作原理，性能特點,并指出了其不足之處，以及今后的發展方向。對液壓懸
置系統的發展歷史也作了簡要的回顧，并指出了它的發展趨勢。
2.結合液壓懸置樣件就其結構和工作原理進行較詳細的分析，然后給出其動特
性的定義。
3.建立了液壓懸置的等效力學模型和橡膠懸置的力學模型，在此基礎上建立了
動力總成6 自由度的力學模型。分析了發動機激勵的特點，運用Newmark 法進行了
動力總成液壓懸置系統穩態振動響應和瞬態工況，如汽車制動、轉彎、路過不平路
面和發動機起動等工況下動力總成的瞬態響應計算，繪制了在此工況下動力總成質
心的振動響應曲線以及前左液壓懸置、后橡膠懸置的動反力曲線，以及穩態工況下
各懸置點上下加速度與頻率的關系曲線， 最后還計算出動力總成液壓懸置系統的振
動傳遞率曲線。
4.通過實驗對動力總成的基本參數進行了測試，分別對動力總成重心的確定和
質量慣性矩的計算進行了簡要的介紹，最后給出實驗結果。
5.針對江鈴JX493ZQ 動力總成液壓懸置系統開展了動力總成剛體六階模態測試
和動力總成懸置系統隔振特性測試，研究了江鈴全順原車液壓懸置系統的隔振特性
并進行了分析，為以后產品的開發提供了有價值的參考依據。

第一章 緒論··················································································································1
1.1 動力總成懸置的理想動特性········································································1
1.2 動力總成懸置元件的發展歷史····································································2
1.3 動力總成懸置系統的發展歷史····································································7
1.4 本文的研究內容和意義··············································································10
第二章 液壓懸置的結構和工作原理··················································12
2.1 引言·············································································································12
2.2 液壓懸置的結構和工作原理分析·····························································13
2.2.1 結構分析······························································································14
2.2.2 工作原理································································································16
2.3 液壓懸置動特性的定義·············································································16
2.4 本章小結······································································································17
第三章 動力總成液壓懸置系統的建模及響應分析·························18
3.1 液壓懸置等效模型的建立·········································································18
3.2 橡膠懸置模型的建立·················································································21
3.3 動力總成液壓懸置系統的建模 ·····························································22
3.4 發動機激勵分析·························································································28
3.5 動力總成液壓懸置系統穩態振動響應分析··············································29
3.6 動力總成液壓懸置系統瞬態振動響應分析··············································32
3.6.1 發動機起動時動力總成瞬態振動響應分析·········································32
3.6.2 汽車制動時動力總成瞬態振動響應分析·············································34
3.6.3 汽車轉彎時動力總成瞬態振動響應分析·············································35
3.6.4 汽車通過不平路面時動力總成瞬態振動響應分析·····························36
3.7 動力總成液壓懸置系統的振動傳遞率計算··············································37
3.8 本章小結·····································································································39
第四章 動力總成基本參數測試··························································40
4.1 引言·············································································································40
4.2 重心位置的確定··························································································40
4.3 質量慣性矩的計算······················································································43
4.4 實驗結果······································································································51
第五章 動力總成-液壓懸置系統隔振特性試驗研究························52
5.1 概述············································································································52
5.2 動力總成剛體六階模態測試·····································································53
5.2.1 實驗儀器連接框圖·················································································53
5.2.2 實驗方法及步驟·····················································································54
5.2.3 分析與討論·····························································································56
5.3 動力總成懸置系統隔振特性測試·····························································57