General information . 1
Important notice?? 1
Purpose? . . 1
About this manual? . . 1
Cross references?? 2
Text conventions?? 2
First aid in case of electric shock?? 3
Warning? . . 3
Artificial respiration? . 3
Burns treatment?? . 3
Reporting safety issues?? 4
Introduction . . 4
Procedure? . 4
Warnings and cautions?? 5
Introduction . . 5
Warnings? . 5
Cautions? . . 5
General warnings? 6
Introduction . . 6
Warning labels 6
Specific warnings? . . 6
High voltage . . 6
RF radiation . . 6
Laser radiation 6
Lifting equipment?? 7
Do not ..? 7
Battery supplies?? . 7
Toxic material . 7
Human exposure to radio frequency energy (PCS1900 only)?? 8
Introduction . . 8
Definitions? . 8
Maximum permitted exposures . . 8
Maximum permitted exposure ceilings? 9
Example calculation? 10
Power density measurements? 10
Other equipment?? 10
Beryllium health and safety precautions 11
Introduction . . 11
Health issues . 11
Inhalation? . 11
Skin contact . . 12
Eye contact . . 12
Handling procedures? 12
Disposal methods? . . 12
Product life cycle implications? 12
General cautions? 13
Introduction . . 13
Caution labels 13
Specific cautions?? 13
Fibre optics . . 13
Static discharge?? . 13
Devices sensitive to static? . 14
Introduction . . 14
Special handling techniques? . 14
Motorola GSM manual set? 15
Introduction . . 15
Generic manuals?? 15
Tandem OMC 15
Scaleable OMC?? . 16
Related manuals?? 16
Service manuals?? 16
Category number? . . 17
Catalogue number? . 17
Ordering manuals? . . 17
Chapter 1
Introduction to GSM Interfaces?? . i
Introduction to GSM Interfaces?? . 1–1
Objectives? 1–1
GSM System Entities?? . 1–2
GSM Architecture? 1–4
Signalling Links? . . 1–6
Exercise? . . 1–6
Terrestrial Interfaces 1–8
Introduction . . 1–8
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) . . 1–10
Introduction . . 1–10
The Layer Concept? . 1–10
Protocols . . 1–12
Signalling Model? . 1–14
GSM Specifications . 1–16
Chapter 2
GSM Air Interface Review? i
GSM Air Interface Review? 2–1
Objectives? 2–1
GSM Air Interface . . 2–2
Bursts?? . 2–2
Timing Advance and Power Control? 2–4
Mapping Logical Channels onto the TDMA Frame Structure?? 2–6
Bursts?? . 2–6
Multiframes and Timing?? 2–8
The 26-frame Traffic Channel Multiframe . 2–8
The 51-frame Control Channel Multiframe – BCCH/CCCH . . 2–10
GSM Control Channels?? 2–12
BCCH Group . 2–12
CCCH Group . 2–12
DCCH Group . 2–12
Multiframes and Timing?? 2–14
The 51-frame Control Channel Multiframe – BCCH/CCCH . . 2–14
The 51-frame Dedicated Control Channel Multiframe – SDCCH and SACCH . . 2–16
The 51-frame Control Channel Multiframe – Combined Structure? . 2–18
Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB)?? . 2–20
SMS Cell Broadcast . 2–22
Multiple Background Messages . 2–22
Chapter 3
GSM Air Interface Protocol . . i
GSM Air-interface Protocol? 3–1
Objectives? 3–1
MS – BTS Interface (Um or Air-interface)?? 3–2
Air-interface – Layer 1?? . 3–4
Air-interface – Layer 1 (SACCH)?? 3–10
Air-interface – Layer 2?? . 3–12
Modes of Operation . 3–14
Unacknowledged Operation? . 3–14
Acknowledged Operation?? . 3–14
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) . 3–16
1. Service Access Point Identifier?? . 3–16
2. Type of Control Channel? . . 3–18
Air-interface – Layer 2?? . 3–20
Frame Format Peer-to-Peer Communication?? 3–20
Frame Delimitation . . 3–24
Address Field?? 3–24
SAPI – Service Access Point Identifier? 3–26
LPD – Link Protocol Discriminator?? . 3–26
Control Field Frame Formats . 3–28
P/F – Poll/Final bit? . . 3–28
S – Supervisory Function Bit(s) . 3–30
U – Unnumbered Function Bit? 3–32
Length Indicator?? . 3–36
List of System Parameters (LAPDm) . . 3–38
Air-interface – Layer 3?? . 3–40
Introduction . . 3–40
Radio Resource Management Sub-layer?? . 3–42
Mobility Management Sub-layer?? 3–44
Connection Management Sub-layer? 3–46
Layer 3 – Frame Structure? 3–48
Protocol Discriminator/Skip Indicator . . 3–50
Skip Indicator?? 3–50
Transaction Identifier 3–52
Message Type? . . 3–54
Message Sequence Scenarios?? . 3–56
Mobile Originating Call Establishment? . 3–58
Mobile Terminating Call Establishment? 3–60
Location Updating? . . 3–62
Call Clearing . 3–64
Message Flow Scenarios? . 3–66
Exercise? 3–68
Chapter 4
Common Bearer [2 Mbit/s Links]? . . i
Common Bearer? . 4–1
Objectives? 4–1
Introduction 4–2
Signalling Links – Common Channel Signalling . 4–4
Transmission Code . 4–6
High Density Bipolar 3 (HDB3) . . 4–6
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) 4–8
Rx Buffer/Slip Loss? . 4–10
Slip Loss Counters? . 4–10
Frame Alignment Procedures . 4–12
N Bit 4–12
Synchronization? . 4–14
Sync Loss Counters? 4–14
Sync Timers . . 4–14
GCLK Synchronization?? 4–16
Remote Alarm 4–22
Remote Loss Alarms . . 4–22
Bit Error Rate (BER)? 4–24
BER Timers . . 4–24
BER Counters 4–24
Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC)? . . 4–26
Cyclic Redundancy Check?? 4–26
Database Command? 4–26
High Bit-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)? 4–28
Chapter 5
BTS – BSC Interface (A-bis) . . i
BTS – BSC Interface 5–1
Objectives? 5–1
BSC – BTS Interface (A-bis) . 5–2
Introduction . . 5–2
GSM Specifications . 5–4
Signalling Model? . 5–6
A-bis Limitations? . 5–8
Introduction . . 5–8
Link Capacity . 5–8
Processors? 5–8
Redundancy . . 5–8
Summary? . 5–8
Motorola Defined A-bis Interface (Mobis)?? . 5–10
Introduction . . 5–10
Motorola A-bis 5–10
Functional Division between BSC and BTS?? . 5–12
MTP L3/SCCP Preselector? . . 5–12
Connectionless Manager?? . 5–12
SCCP State Machine (SSM)? . 5–12
Switch Manager?? . 5–12
Cell Resource Manager 5–12
Radio Resource State Machine (RRSM) . . 5–12
Radio Channel Interface?? . 5–14
Motorola/GSM A-bis Comparison 5–16
GSM A-bis? 5–16
Motorola A-bis 5–16
Interface Structure . . 5–18
MSI Defaults . 5–20
Signalling Links Logical Channels? . . 5–22
Radio Signalling Link (RSL)? . . 5–22
Transparent Messages . 5–22
Layer 2 Management Link (L2ML)?? . 5–22
Layer 2 – Link Access Procedure LAPD?? . 5–24
Introduction . . 5–24
Frame Structure?? 5–26
Definition of Fields? . 5–26
Address Field . 5–28
Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI)? 5–28
Terminal Endpoint Identifier (TEI) 5–28
TEI Allocation 5–30
Control Field?? . 5–32
Unnumbered Frames 5–34
Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended (SABME) Command? 5–34
Disconnect (DISC) Command? 5–34
Unnumbered Information (UI) Command . 5–34
Unnumbered Acknowledgment (UA) Response? . 5–34
Alignment Procedures?? . 5–36
Layer 2 timers 5–36
Timer T203? 5–36
Supervisory Control . 5–38
Layer 2 – Link Access Procedure LAPD?? . 5–40
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Field? . . 5–40
Layer 3 Model?? 5–42
Complete Layer 2/Layer 3 Message Example (A-bis Defined)? . . 5–44
Encryption Command . . 5–44
Message Discriminator . 5–46
Message Type? . . 5–48
Message Sequence Scenarios?? . 5–50
Global Reset . 5–52
Mobile Originated Connection Establishment? 5–54
Message Sequence Scenarios?? . 5–56
Traffic Assignment Procedures . . 5–56
Traffic Assignment Procedures?? . 5–58
Request Queued – T11 Expiry . . 5–58
Message Sequence Scenarios?? . 5–60
Successful Intra-BTS Handover . 5–60
Successful Inter-BSC Handover?? 5–62
Appendix A . 5–i
BSC to BTS Interface Message Types . 5–ii
Part A – Message Types as Defined and Implemented by Motorola 5–ii
BSC to BTS Messages 5–ii
BTS to BSC Messages as Defined and Implemented by Motorola? 5–iv
Part B? . . 5–vii
Message Elements . 5–vii
1) Message Elements defined by GSM 08.08? . . 5–vii
2) Message Elements defined by GSM 08.58? . . 5–ix
3) Message Elements defined by GSM 04.08? . . 5–x
4) Message Elements defined by GSM 04.08? . . 5–xi
5) Message Elements defined by Motorola 5–xii
Appendix B . 5–i
BSC to BTS Interface (A-bis) . 5–ii
Exercise? . . 5–ii
Chapter 6
BSC–MSC Interface (A-interface)? . . i
BSC–MSC Interface 6–1
Objectives? 6–1
Introduction 6–2
A-interface Capabilities 6–2
A-interface specification objectives?? 6–2
A-interface Characteristics? . . 6–2
GSM Specification . . 6–4
08.0x 6–4
A-Interface Functions?? . 6–6
Signalling System No7 (C7) . . 6–8
Introduction . . 6–8
Messages Transfer Part (MTP) . 6–10
Level 2 Header Part? 6–14
LSSU Status Field Format?? 6–16
Alignment Procedure . . 6–18
Alignment Status Indications? . 6–18
Message Signal Unit (MSU)? . 6–22
Service Information Octet (SIO) . 6–24
Signalling Information Field (SIF) 6–26
Routing Label . 6–26
Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP)? . . 6–28
Introduction . . 6–28
Protocol Classes?? 6–28
SCCP Message Format 6–30
Establishment Procedure?? . 6–32
SCCP Message Parameters? . 6–34
SCCP Message Example?? 6–36
Called/Calling Party Address Parameter . . 6–38
Radio Subsystem Application Part (BSSAP)? . 6–40
BSSAP Message Structure . . 6–42
BSSAP Message Header? . 6–44
DTAP Header Structure 6–44
BSSMAP Header Structure? . . 6–46
BSSAP Message Structure . . 6–48
Complete Message Format? . . 6–48
BSS Management Application Part (BSSMAP) . . 6–50
Procedures? 6–50
Normal Mobile Station (MS) to PSTN Call Set . . 6–52
A-Interface Messages?? . 6–54
Normal PSTN to MS Call? . 6–56
A-Interface Messages?? . 6–58
Call from PSTN to MS . 6–58
Procedures – Global 6–60
Blocking? . . 6–60
Group Circuit Procedures?? 6–62
Unblocking? 6–64
Resource Indication? 6–66
Resource Indication Procedure . . 6–66
Global Reset Procedure 6–68
Reset at the MSC? . . 6–68
Reset at the BSS? 6–70
Procedures – Global 6–72
Reset Circuit at the MSC?? . 6–72
Reset Circuit at the BSS?? . 6–72
Paging?? . 6–74
Handover Candidate Enquiry? 6–76
Flow Control . . 6–76
Procedures – Dedicated? . . 6–78
Assignment . . 6–78
External Handover? . 6–80
Handover Required Indication? 6–80
Handover Resource Allocation . . 6–80
Handover Execution? 6–82
Release?? 6–84
Classmark Update? . 6–86
Cipher Mode Control . . 6–88
Initial MS Message? . 6–90
Queueing Indication? 6–92
Timers? . 6–94
MTP Level 2 Timers? 6–94
MTP Level 3 Timers? 6–94
BSSMAP Timers?? 6–95
Appendix A . 6–i
Appendix A – MSC to BSC Interface (A-interface)?? . 6–ii
Exercise? . . 6–ii
Appendix B . 6–i
Appendix B – MSC–BSS Message Types?? 6–ii
DTAP Messages?? 6–ii
BSSMAP? . 6–iii
MSC–BSS Message Types . . 6–iv
BSSMAP? . 6–iv
BSSMAP Messages? 6–iv
BSSMAP Messages? 6–v
Chapter 7
BSS–OMCR Interface (OML) . i
BSS–OMCR Interface?? . 7–1
Objectives? 7–1
BSS–OMCR Interface (OML) . 7–2
Introduction . . 7–2
Motorola Application Layer? 7–4
File Transfer . . 7–4
Event/Alarm Reporting . 7–4
Remote Login 7–4
OMC–BSS Interconnection . . 7–6
OML?? 7–8
X.25 Layers 7–10
Introduction . . 7–10
Physical Link Layer 1 . . 7–12
Data Link Layer 2? 7–14
Overview? . 7–14
Address Field . 7–16
Frame Types – Control field encoding? . 7–18
X.25 Packet Level Protocol (PLP)? . . 7–20
Packet Header? . . 7–22
Logical Channel Numbers (LCN)?? 7–24
Packet Type Identifier (PTI) . . 7–26
Control Packet Types?? . 7–28
Additional Fields? . 7–30
OMC to BSS Communication DTE Addresses . . 7–32
Virtual Call Setup Procedure . 7–34
Chapter 8
SMS Cell Broadcast Link? . i
SMS Cell Broadcast Link? . 8–1
Objectives? 8–1
Short Message Service Cell Broadcast 8–2
Cell Broadcast Link (CBL)? . 8–4
CBC, Cell Broadcast Responsibilities . . 8–6
BSS, Cell Broadcast Responsibilities . . 8–8
Mobiles Cell Broadcast Responsibilities 8–10
SMS CB Database Commands?? . 8–12
Command Line?? . 8–12
Functional Description . 8–12
CBL Message Flow Scenarios 8–14
CBL Protocol?? . 8–16
Multiple SVC Connections?? 8–16
Cell Broadcast Messages from BSC to BTS? . 8–18
SMS CB Message Structure (Air-Interface)? . . 8–20
DRX Scheduling Message Coding?? . 8–22
New SMS CB Message Bitmap . 8–24
New SMS CB Message Description? . . 8–24
Other Message Descriptions? . 8–24
Message Description Encoding . 8–26
First Transmission of an SMS CB within the Schedule Period?? . 8–26
Retransmission Indication?? 8–26
Free Message Slot, Optional Reading? . 8–28
Free Message Slot, Reading Advised (not yet implemented by Motorola)? . . 8–28
Reserved Codepoints . . 8–28
Appendix A
The 24-Channel System? . . 8–i
The 24-Channel (T1) System . 8–ii
24-Channel (T1) System? . . 8–iv
Channel - associated signalling . 8–iv
Common - channel signalling? 8–iv
Comparison of T1 and E1 Systems?? 8–iv
Glossary of Terms . . Glos–1
Numbers . . Glos–3
A . Glos–4
B . Glos–7
C . Glos–10
D . Glos–14
E . Glos–17
F . Glos–19
G . Glos–21
H . Glos–23
I . . Glos–24
K . Glos–26
L . Glos–27
M . Glos–29
N . Glos–33
O . Glos–35
P . Glos–37
Q . Glos–40
R . Glos–41
S . Glos–44
T . Glos–48
U . Glos–51
V . Glos–52
W Glos–53
X . Glos–54
Z . Glos–55
Answers? i
2.6 Multiuser Detection 47
References 48