如何在結構監測系統中使用基于MEMS的壓電傳感器來彌合功率間隙

　　在建筑物、橋梁和飛機上未被發現的結構弱點可能是災難性的。這些復雜的結構在設計和建筑材料上有很大的不同，并且在不同的疲勞點上承受多個應力。無論是古代紀念碑參觀，100 +歲的橋梁承受交通荷載從未設想的結構，或大膽的現代的高樓大廈和“海上橋梁，基礎設施監控已經成為常態。傳感器和無線技術的進步突出了結構健康監測作為無線傳感器網絡的增長市場。

　　However，the advantages of significant盡管無電纜、超低功耗操作，包括敵意環境限制，極and Battery終身可靠實用的障礙，have to be in some扇區。

　　Figure 1： Old bridges like this one over Hurricane Gulch， Alaska， or new， such as the Great Belt Bridge， Denmark， require constant monitoring to ensure structural integrity. Vibration energy harvesting provides an ideal means of powering remotely-located wireless sensors.

　　New research developments in MEMS-based piezoelectric energy-harvesting technology are addressing these challenges to provide extremely-robust， high-reliability， battery-free power for sensors in structural monitoring applications. This article will review recent developments， from the UK and the US， to illustrate the potential for energy harvesting in this market.

　　Such devices， as they become commercially available， will require associated electronic circuitry， which must be both ultra-low-power itself and provide power management at low levels with power conversion， rectification， and voltage boosting.

　　Emerging technology， such as sensors， fiber optics， computer vision， wireless sensor networks， and energy harvesting are providing innovative solutions to ongoing applications. MEMS technology for vibration and piezoelectric-based， self-powered sensors， with application in structural health monitoring， is the subject of advanced research around the world.