恒壓/恒流裝置優(yōu)化鋰離子電池充電

　　鋰離子電池作為一種常用的儲(chǔ)能裝置在許多能源收集應(yīng)用中應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。對(duì)于工程師來(lái)說(shuō)，最大限度地提高電池的性能和生命周期，需要使用電池充電電路，能夠考慮到李離子電池的特殊特性。工程師可以成本有效地建立鋰離子從制造商包括模擬設(shè)備，半導(dǎo)體公司，飛兆半導(dǎo)體、富士通半導(dǎo)體，Intersil，線性技術(shù)，集成電路芯片技術(shù)，Micrel，計(jì)費(fèi)功能，德克薩斯文書(shū)。

　　與其他許多電池技術(shù)不同，李離子電池需要在一個(gè)緊密的信封內(nèi)保持充電配置文件。一個(gè)少收的鋰離子電池?zé)o法提供其額定輸出能量。另一方面，充電電路不能將李離子電池電壓超過(guò)推薦的限制，也不能應(yīng)用超過(guò)制造商推薦水平的充電電流。無(wú)論哪種情況，過(guò)電壓或過(guò)充電電流的應(yīng)用開(kāi)始破壞李離子電池，從而降低電池的整體壽命，甚至造成災(zāi)難性的故障。對(duì)于工程師來(lái)說(shuō)，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是充電速度和電池電壓不至細(xì)胞。

　　To achieve this balance， Li-ion charging typically follows a two-phase approach （Figure 1）。 In the first phase， typically called the constant-current， or current-limit， phase， the cell is charged at the maximum charging rate recommended by the battery manufacturer. This rate， typically called the 1C rate or fast-charging rate， is a charging current equal to the ampere-hour rating of the cell. When the cell reaches a specified set-point voltage， typically 4.2 V， cell capacity has reached only 65 percent to 70 percent of its maximum value but further fast-charging rates risk damaging the cells. As a result， charging circuits switch to the second phase， or constant-voltage phase. Here， the charging circuit will provide only enough current to maintain the voltage of the battery constant at this set-point voltage. As a result， the charging circuitry will continually reduce the charging current over time， resulting in a gradual decay of the charging current profile as shown in Figure 1.