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鍍24K金'雪花'提高石墨的電學(xué)性能

2010年03月03日 08:57 www.1cnz.cn 作者:佚名 用戶評論(0

鍍24K金'雪花'提高石墨的電學(xué)性能

24-carat Gold 'Snowflakes' Improve Graphene's Electrical Properties
— In an effort to make graphene more useful in electronics applications, Kansas State University engineers made a golden discovery -- gold "snowflakes" on graphene.

Vikas Berry is a K-State assistant professor of chemical engineering who works with graphene, a carbon material only a single atom thick and discovered just five years ago. To functionalize graphene with gold -- thus controlling its electronics properties -- Berry and Kabeer Jasuja, a K-State doctoral student in chemical engineering, imbedded gold on graphene.

To do this, the engineers placed the graphene oxide sheets in a gold ion solution that had a growth catalyst. Here, the atomically thick sheets swim and bathe in a pool of chemicals.

"Graphene-derivatives act like swimming molecular carpets when in solution and exhibit fascinating physiochemical behavior," Berry said. "If we change the surface functionality or the concentration, we can control their properties."

They found that rather than distributing itself evenly over graphene, the gold formed islands on the sheets' surfaces. They named these islands snowflake-shaped gold nanostars, or SFGNs.

"So we started exploring how these gold nanostars are formed," Berry said. "We found out that nanostars with no surface functionality are rather challenging to produce by other chemical processes. We can control the size of these nanostars and have characterized the mechanism of nucleation and growth of these nanostructures. It's similar to the mechanism that forms real snowflakes."

Berry said the presence of graphene is critical for the formation of the gold nanostars. "If graphene is absent, the gold would clump together and settle down as big chunks," he said. "But the graphene helps in stabilizing the gold. This makes the nanostars more useful for electronic applications."

In July, Jasuja and Berry published their work in the journal ACS-Nano.

The discovery of these gold "snowflakes" on graphene shows promise for biological devices as well as

electronics. Berry is attaching DNA to these gold islands to make DNA sensors. He is joined by Nihar Mohanty, a doctoral student in chemical engineering, and undergraduate researcher Ashvin Nagaraja, a senior in electrical engineering. Nagaraja is a 2004 Manhattan High School graduate.

Berry said graphene-gold based DNA sensors will have enhanced sensitivity. Chemically reducing graphene oxide to obtain graphene requires harsh chemicals that destroy the DNA.

"Now we can use the harsh chemicals on graphene oxide imbedded with gold to obtain graphene with gold islands. Then we can use these gold islands to functionalize DNA."

Berry also is using graphene in conjunction with microwaves. He and Jasuja are "cooking" the graphene sheets as another way to produce particles on the material's surface.

Some of Berry's other graphene research involves using the modified graphene sheets to compartmentalize a coagulating solution, thus stabilizing it. His group has recently used hydrides to reduce graphene oxide to produce reduced graphene oxide in the matter of a few seconds. The graphene produced in this way can remain stable in the solution for several days. Further results will shortly appear in the journal Small

Discovered only five years ago, graphene has captured the attention of a large number of researchers who are studying its exceptional electrical, mechanical and optical properties, Berry said. His research group is among the few studying the material's interfacial properties and biological applications.

"We're entering a new era," Berry said. "From the zero-dimensional or one-dimensional molecular or polymer solutions, we are now venturing into the two-dimensional graphene solutions, which have fascinating new properties."

24-克拉黃金’雪片’改善 Graphene 的電特性
—為了在電子學(xué)申請中讓 graphene 變成更有用,堪薩斯州立大學(xué)工程師作一項(xiàng)金的發(fā)現(xiàn)--在 graphene 上的金色 " 雪片 "。

Vikas 草莓類植物是以 graphene 工作的化學(xué)工程的 a K-州助理教授,碳材料只有一粒原子厚的而且只有五年前發(fā)現(xiàn)。用黃金使起作用 graphene --如此控制它的電子學(xué)特性--草莓類植物和 Kabeer Jasuja, a K-州博士的學(xué)生在化學(xué)工程,在 graphene 上使插入黃金。

要做這,工程師放置了 graphene 氧化物有了一個(gè)生長催化劑的金色離子解決的床單。在這里,原子厚的床單在一個(gè)化學(xué)藥品的池游泳而且沭浴。

"Graphene-引出之物實(shí)行分子的地毯當(dāng)在解決方面而且展現(xiàn)迷人的 physiochemical 行為, " 草莓類植物說。" 如果我們改變表面的功能性或者集中,我們能控制他們的財(cái)產(chǎn) " 。

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)寧可超過平均地在 graphene 之上分配它本身,黃金在床單表面上形成了島。他們命名這些島雪片形的金色 nanostars,或 SFGNs 。

" 因此我們開始探究這些金色 nanostars 如何被形成 " ,草莓類植物說。”我們發(fā)現(xiàn) nanostars 有沒有表面的功能性正在寧可挑戰(zhàn)生產(chǎn)其他化學(xué)的程序。我們能控制這些 nanostars 的大小而且表示成核和這些奈米結(jié)構(gòu)的生長的機(jī)制的特色。它與形成真正的雪片的機(jī)制類似。”

草莓類植物說 graphene 的出現(xiàn)對金色 nanostars 的形成緊要關(guān)頭。"如果 graphene 缺席,黃金一起會(huì)栽成一叢而且安定下來當(dāng)做大大塊, " 他說。”但是 graphene 幫助穩(wěn)定黃金。這使電子的申請 nanostars 更有用。”

在七月、 Jasuja 和草莓類植物在 ACS-十億分之一期刊中公開他們的工作。

在 graphene 表演上的這些金色 " 雪片 " 的發(fā)現(xiàn)為生物學(xué)的裝置答應(yīng)和

電子學(xué)。草莓類植物正在附上 DNA 到這些金色島制造 DNA 感應(yīng)器。他被 Nihar Mohanty 叁加,電機(jī)工程的化學(xué)工程,和大學(xué)部的研究員 Ashvin Nagaraja 的一位博士的學(xué)生,一個(gè)年長者。Nagaraja 是一個(gè) 2004 曼哈坦中學(xué)畢業(yè)生。

草莓類植物說 graphene-黃金基礎(chǔ)的 DNA 感應(yīng)器將會(huì)提高敏感。用化學(xué)減少 graphene 氧化物獲得 graphene 需要破壞 DNA 的粗糙的化學(xué)藥品。

”現(xiàn)在我們能在與黃金一起使插入用金色島獲得 graphene 的 graphene 氧化物上使用粗糙的化學(xué)藥品。然后我們能使用這些金色島使起作用 DNA 。”

草莓類植物也正在連同微電波使用 graphene 。他和 Jasuja 正在 " 烹飪 " graphene 床單為另外的一個(gè)方法在材料表面上生產(chǎn)粒子。

一些草莓類植物的其他 graphene 研究包括使用被修正的 graphene 床單劃分凝結(jié)解決,如此穩(wěn)定它。他的小組最近已經(jīng)用氫化物減少 graphene 氧化物在數(shù)秒的物質(zhì)中生產(chǎn)縮小的 graphene 氧化物。這樣被生產(chǎn)的 graphene 能在解決方面依然穩(wěn)定好幾天。較進(jìn)一步的結(jié)果不久將會(huì)在日記中出現(xiàn)很小

只有五年前發(fā)現(xiàn)了, graphene 已經(jīng)引起正在學(xué)習(xí)它的特別電、機(jī)械而且光學(xué)的特性的很多研究員的注意,草莓類植物說。他的研究小組在少數(shù)的個(gè)之中學(xué)習(xí)材料的表面間特性和生物學(xué)的申請。

" 我們正在進(jìn)入一個(gè)新時(shí)代 " ,草莓類植物說。"從零-空間或直線的分子或聚合體解決,我們現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)入有迷人的新財(cái)產(chǎn)的二維的 graphene 解決之內(nèi)冒險(xiǎn)一試. "

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